Systems / Energy Transformations

Energy Transformations

Energy Transformations

As explained in Energy, energy can be transformed from one form to another.

We can notate this using block diagrams.

A block diagram is a high level flowchart that helps visualise a system. In Systems Engineering we use Input, Process, Output diagrams, or IPO diagrams.

flowchart LR op1[Input] op2[Process] op3[Output] op1 --> op2 --> op3

These show us the inputs to a system, the process that occurs within the system, and the output.

Toaster - Electrical

Here is an example of how a simple IPO diagram works for a toaster.

flowchart LR op1[Electrical Energy\nBread] op2[Convert Electrical Energy\nto Heat] op3[Toast] op1 --> op2 --> op3

We can write multiple IPO digrams in a row to show how the sub-systems within a system operate together.

Electricity Generation

Here is a more complex set of IPO diagrams showing the different processes in generating electricity

Energy Source

flowchart LR op1[Primary Energy Source\n\(Wind / Water / Steam\)] op2[Capture Energy] op3[Kinetic Energy] op1 --> op2 --> op3

Mechanical Drive System

flowchart LR op1[Kinetic Energy] op2[Rotate Turbine] op3[Mechanical Energy] op1 --> op2 --> op3

Electricity Generation System

flowchart LR op1[Mechanical Energy] op2[Electromagnetic Induction] op3[Electrical Energy] op1 --> op2 --> op3

Distribution

flowchart LR op1[Electrical Energy] op2[Transmit Electricity] op3[Electrical Energy\nDelivered to Users] op1 --> op2 --> op3

You can see that the output from one IPO becomes the input for the next IPO.

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